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Lumbar Herniated Disc

Condition Basics

What is a herniated disc?

The bones (vertebrae) that form the spine in your back are cushioned by small, spongy discs. When these discs are healthy, they act as shock absorbers for the spine and keep the spine flexible. But when a disc is damaged, it may bulge or break open. This is called a herniated disc, Opens dialog. It may also be called a slipped or ruptured disc.

You can have a herniated disc in any part of your spine, Opens dialog. But most herniated discs affect the lower back (lumbar herniated disc). Some happen in the neck (cervical herniated disc). Less often, they can be in the upper back (thoracic herniated disc).

What causes it?

A herniated disc, Opens dialog usually is caused by wear and tear. As we age, the discs in our spine lose some of the fluid that keeps them flexible. It also may be caused by an injury to the spine. The injury may cause tiny tears or cracks on the outside of the disc.

What are the symptoms?

If a lumbar herniated disc isn't pressing on a nerve, you may have an ache in your low back. Or you may have no symptoms at all. If the disc irritates or presses on the nerve, symptoms include pain, numbness, and weakness in the buttock and down the leg.

How is it diagnosed?

Your doctor may diagnose a herniated disc by asking questions about your symptoms and examining you. You may not need tests. But your doctor may do tests such as an MRI or a CT scan to confirm a herniated disc or rule out other health problems.

How is a lumbar herniated disc treated?

Usually symptoms from a herniated disc will get better on their own. So most people try nonsurgical treatment first. This includes taking over-the-counter pain medicines, using heat or ice, and doing suggested exercises. Some people take part in physical therapy or rehabilitation programs. If symptoms don't get better, surgery may be an option.

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Current as of: July 31, 2024

Author: Ignite Healthwise, LLC Staff

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All Healthwise education is reviewed by a team that includes physicians, nurses, advanced practitioners, registered dieticians, and other healthcare professionals.